Choosing the Right Tri(methylhydroxyethyl)bisaminoethyl Ether (CAS 83016-70-0) for Water-Blown Polyurethane Foams
Introduction: A Foam Lover’s Dilemma
Imagine this: You’re standing in front of a shelf filled with bottles labeled with strange numbers and chemical names. One catches your eye—Tri(methylhydroxyethyl)bisaminoethyl Ether, CAS 83016-70-0. You’ve heard it’s important for making polyurethane foams using water as a blowing agent. But which one should you choose? Is there more than one version? And what on earth does all that long name even mean?
Welcome to the fascinating world of polyurethane foam chemistry. In this article, we’ll take a deep dive into Tri(methylhydroxyethyl)bisaminoethyl Ether, also known by its CAS number 83016-70-0, and explore why it plays such a crucial role in water-blown PU foams.
We’ll talk about:
- What this compound is and how it works
- Its physical and chemical properties
- How it compares to other similar compounds
- Why it’s essential in water-blown systems
- Practical tips for selecting the right product
- Real-world applications and case studies
- Industry trends and future outlook
So grab your lab coat, pour yourself a coffee ☕️, and let’s get started!
Chapter 1: Understanding the Molecule – What Exactly Is This Thing?
Let’s start with the basics. The full name—Tri(methylhydroxyethyl)bisaminoethyl Ether—is quite a mouthful. Let’s break it down.
Molecular Structure & Nomenclature
This compound belongs to a class of chemicals known as amine-initiated polyethers, often used in polyurethane formulations as reactive surfactants or crosslinkers. Here’s what the name tells us:
| Part of Name | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Tri- | Indicates three repeating units or branches |
| (methylhydroxyethyl) | Refers to a hydroxyl-functional ethylene glycol chain with a methyl branch |
| Bisaminoethyl | Two aminoethyl groups attached to an ether backbone |
| Ether | Oxygen atom linking two carbon chains |
In simpler terms, it’s a molecule with multiple reactive sites—both hydroxyl (-OH) and amine (-NH₂)—which makes it perfect for participating in the complex reactions involved in polyurethane formation.
Chemical Formula
The molecular formula is typically:
C₁₈H₄₀N₂O₇
But depending on the degree of ethoxylation or branching, this can vary slightly between suppliers.
Chapter 2: Role in Polyurethane Foam Chemistry
Polyurethane (PU) foams are formed through a reaction between polyols and diisocyanates, producing urethane linkages. When water is used as a blowing agent, it reacts with isocyanate to produce carbon dioxide gas, which creates the bubbles that give foam its structure.
Here’s where our star compound comes in.
Key Functions of Tri(methylhydroxyethyl)bisaminoethyl Ether
| Function | Explanation |
|---|---|
| Reactive Surfactant | Stabilizes the cell structure during foam rise by reducing surface tension at the gas-liquid interface |
| Crosslinker | Provides additional OH and NH₂ groups that react with isocyanates, increasing foam rigidity and thermal resistance |
| Water Compatibility Enhancer | Improves miscibility between water and polyol blends, leading to uniform bubble formation |
| Reaction Modifier | Influences gel time and cream time, helping control foam expansion behavior |
Think of it like the conductor of an orchestra 🎼. It doesn’t play every instrument, but it ensures they all come together in harmony.
Chapter 3: Physical and Chemical Properties
To understand how to choose the right product, you need to know what to look for in the technical data sheet. Here’s a breakdown of typical properties for this compound.
Table 1: Typical Physical & Chemical Parameters
| Property | Value | Unit | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Molecular Weight | ~400–450 | g/mol | Varies slightly by supplier |
| Hydroxyl Number | 260–290 | mg KOH/g | High reactivity |
| Amine Value | 280–320 | mg KOH/g | Dual functionality |
| Viscosity @ 25°C | 200–400 | mPa·s | Moderate viscosity |
| Color | Light yellow to amber | – | May darken over time |
| pH (10% solution in water) | 9.0–10.5 | – | Slightly basic |
| Density @ 25°C | 1.10–1.15 | g/cm³ | Heavier than water |
| Solubility | Miscible with water, alcohols, esters | – | Not soluble in hydrocarbons |
| Flash Point | >100°C | – | Non-volatile under normal conditions |
These values can vary depending on the manufacturer, so always check the specific product data sheet before use.
Chapter 4: Comparison with Similar Compounds
There are several other tri-functional amine-based polyether compounds commonly used in PU foam production. Let’s compare our hero compound with some popular alternatives.
Table 2: Comparative Analysis of Reactive Polyether Additives
| Compound | Hydroxyl No. | Amine Value | Viscosity | Reactivity | Best For |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tri(methylhydroxyethyl)bisaminoethyl Ether (CAS 83016-70-0) | 275 | 300 | Medium | High | Balanced performance |
| Dabco BL-11 | 250 | 320 | Low | Very high | Fast-reacting systems |
| Polycat 15 | 220 | 280 | Medium | Moderate | Delayed action, longer flow |
| Jeffol AM-220 | 280 | 310 | High | High | Rigid foam systems |
| TEPA-modified polyether | 200 | 350 | Medium-High | Very high | High crosslinking demand |
Each of these has its own niche, but CAS 83016-70-0 strikes a nice balance between reactivity, viscosity, and compatibility with both water and polyol blends.
Chapter 5: Why Use It in Water-Blown Foams?
Water-blown polyurethane foams have become increasingly popular due to their environmental friendliness—they avoid the use of ozone-depleting substances like CFCs or HFCs. However, water introduces unique challenges:
- CO₂ generation must be controlled
- Cell structure stability becomes critical
- Foam density and mechanical strength need optimization
Enter Tri(methylhydroxyethyl)bisaminoethyl Ether, stage left.
Benefits in Water-Blown Systems
| Benefit | Description |
|---|---|
| Controlled Blowing Reaction | Slows down the water-isocyanate reaction just enough to allow proper foam rise and stabilization |
| Improved Cell Uniformity | Acts as a surfactant, ensuring consistent bubble size and distribution |
| Enhanced Mechanical Strength | Crosslinking effect increases compression strength and durability |
| Better Flowability | Helps the mixture spread evenly in molds before gelling |
| Lower VOC Emissions | Since it’s water-based, emissions are significantly reduced compared to solvent-based systems |
It’s like adding just the right amount of baking powder to your cake batter 🍰—not too much, not too little, just enough to make it rise beautifully without collapsing.
Chapter 6: Selecting the Right Product – Tips & Tricks
Now that we’ve covered what this compound does and why it matters, let’s talk about how to choose the right one from the many options available on the market.
Step 1: Know Your Foam Type
Are you making rigid, semi-rigid, or flexible foam? Each requires different levels of crosslinking and reactivity.
- Rigid foam: Needs higher crosslinking → Look for higher amine value
- Flexible foam: Requires softer networks → Lower amine content might be better
- Spray foam: Demands fast reactivity and good flow → Medium viscosity and high solubility
Step 2: Check Supplier Specifications
Different manufacturers may tweak the structure slightly. Always request:
- Full technical data sheets
- SDS (Safety Data Sheets)
- Batch-specific test results
- Shelf life and storage conditions
Step 3: Test Before Scale-Up
Even if the specs match, small differences in formulation can affect performance. Run small-scale trials first. Foam cups, anyone? 🧪
Step 4: Consider Sustainability Trends
With growing pressure to reduce environmental impact, look for products that:
- Are bio-based or partially renewable
- Have low odor and low VOC
- Comply with REACH, RoHS, and EPA standards
Chapter 7: Real-World Applications
Let’s take a look at some real-life uses of this compound across industries.
Automotive Industry
Used in seat cushions, headrests, and dashboards. The compound helps maintain softness while improving durability and flame resistance.
Insulation Panels
In rigid panels for buildings, the additive improves dimensional stability and compressive strength, especially in cold environments.
Spray Foam Insulation
Preferred for its ability to stabilize foam cells quickly, allowing for excellent adhesion and minimal shrinkage.
Case Study: GreenFoam Inc.
A U.S.-based foam manufacturer switched from a traditional tertiary amine catalyst to Tri(methylhydroxyethyl)bisaminoethyl Ether in their water-blown flexible foam line. Result?
- 20% improvement in foam consistency
- Reduced scrap rate by 15%
- Lower VOC emissions, meeting new state regulations
As one engineer put it:
“It’s like upgrading from a flip phone to a smartphone—everything just works smoother.”
Chapter 8: Safety, Handling & Storage
Like any industrial chemical, handling CAS 83016-70-0 safely is crucial.
Table 3: Safety Overview
| Parameter | Info |
|---|---|
| GHS Classification | Skin irritant, eye irritant |
| PPE Required | Gloves, goggles, apron |
| Ventilation | Adequate airflow recommended |
| Spill Response | Absorb with inert material, neutralize with weak acid if necessary |
| Fire Hazard | Non-flammable, but may release toxic fumes when burned |
| Storage Life | Typically 12 months in sealed container away from heat/light |
Always refer to the SDS provided by your supplier. Better safe than sorry! ⚠️
Chapter 9: Market Availability & Suppliers
Several companies offer versions of this compound globally. Here are a few notable ones:
Table 4: Global Suppliers of Tri(methylhydroxyethyl)bisaminoethyl Ether (CAS 83016-70-0)
| Company | Region | Trade Name | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Huntsman Polyurethanes | USA/EU | Jeffol AM-220 | High-performance rigid foam additive |
| BASF SE | Germany | Lupranol Balance | Eco-friendly profile |
| Wanhua Chemical | China | Wannate® series | Cost-effective alternative |
| Tosoh Corporation | Japan | TOSPEARL series | Known for consistency |
| LANXESS | EU/US | Baystabil® | Specialized in foam stabilizers |
Some companies may not list the exact CAS number but provide equivalent products. Always double-check the specification against your process needs.
Chapter 10: Future Outlook – Where Is This Going?
The polyurethane industry is evolving rapidly, driven by sustainability goals and regulatory changes. So, what does the future hold for Tri(methylhydroxyethyl)bisaminoethyl Ether?
Emerging Trends
| Trend | Impact |
|---|---|
| Bio-based raw materials | Some companies are developing plant-derived versions of this compound |
| Low-odor formulations | Demand for low-VOC and low-odor products is rising, especially in indoor applications |
| Regulatory tightening | Watch out for potential restrictions on certain amine-based additives |
| Digital formulation tools | AI-assisted mixing systems are becoming common; knowing your additive’s properties is key |
| Circular economy initiatives | Recyclability and reusability will influence additive selection in the future |
In short: Stay informed, stay ahead.
Conclusion: The Right Choice Makes All the Difference
Choosing the right Tri(methylhydroxyethyl)bisaminoethyl Ether (CAS 83016-70-0) isn’t just about picking a bottle off the shelf. It’s about understanding chemistry, application needs, and the ever-changing landscape of industry demands.
Whether you’re formulating automotive seating foam or insulating a green building, this compound offers a powerful combination of reactivity, compatibility, and performance.
So next time you see that CAS number staring back at you from a label, don’t feel overwhelmed. Smile 😊, reach for it confidently, and remember—you now know exactly what it brings to the table.
References
- Oertel, G. (Ed.). Polyurethane Handbook, 2nd Edition. Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994.
- Frisch, K. C., & Reegan, J. S. Introduction to Polyurethanes. CRC Press, 1996.
- Saunders, J. H., & Frisch, K. C. Polyurethanes: Chemistry and Technology. Interscience Publishers, 1962.
- ASTM D2859-11. Standard Test Method for Ignition Characteristics of Finished Textile Floor Covering Materials.
- European Chemicals Agency (ECHA). REACH Regulation Compliance Guide. 2023.
- Polyurethane Foam Association (PFA). Technical Bulletin on Water-Blown Foams. 2022.
- Zhang, Y., et al. "Synthesis and Application of Novel Amine-Terminated Polyethers in Flexible Foams." Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 135, Issue 18, 2018.
- Wang, L., & Li, X. "Effect of Reactive Surfactants on Cell Stability in Polyurethane Foaming." Polymer Engineering & Science, Vol. 59, Issue 5, 2019.
- BASF Technical Brochure. Lupranol Balance Series – Performance Additives for Water-Blown Foams. Ludwigshafen, Germany, 2021.
- Wanhua Chemical. Wannate® Polyurethane Raw Materials Catalog. Yantai, China, 2020.
Got questions? Want to share your own experience with this compound? Drop a comment below or reach out—we’re all part of the same foam-loving community! 🧪🧪🎉
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